In the d-Pawn Specials section at ChessPublishing.com, Aaron Summerscale gave
3...d5 as equalising immediately for Black, but didn't provide any supporting evidence. Interestingly, Eric Prié says that after 3...d5 [by transposition],
4.dxc5 is "The only way to try and gain some advantage from the opening." But after 4...e6 5.b4 a5 6.e3 axb4 7.cxb4 b6 8.Bb5+ Bd7 9.Bxd7+ Nbxd7 10.a4 bxc5 11.b5, the position looks unclear. So 3...d5 seems like a good bet, but I'd still like to know what Black should do against 4.e3/g3/Bf4/Bg5!
With
3...g6, I'd be slightly nervous about 4.dxc5 - can Black recover the pawn or get compensation if White tries to hold on to it?
As for
3...e6, White has 4.e3 (Colle) as well as 4.Bg5 (Torre) when the early c3 shouldn't matter too much. [Although Richard may disagree!
]
Looking at this another way, assuming Black would like to play a Modern Benoni, is there any reason to prefer 2...c5 over 2...e6 (after 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3)? If White can force a transposition into ...e6 lines with 3.c3 (or 3.e3 for that matter), then Black might as well play ...e6 on move 2 and avoid the sharp 2...c5 3.d5!? when Black may have problems equalising (e.g. 3...e6 4.Nc3; or 3...b5 4.Bg5).