Thx Kamil for your constructive reaction. Finally again someone with an interesting contribution
to the discussion.
18......Rab8! is indeed the strongest reply. This has been known for quite some time.
The oldest reference Cillo-I.Szabo, cor. 1972. Unfortunately I dont have this game in my
database; source NIC YB 4 gives no additional moves.
19.Qxa7 [19.Qxa2 as in your post is somewhat illegal

] 19...,Nxd5 20.Nf3?, Rxb2 21.Qd4,Qb5
or 21...Rb5 -+ (analysis Szabo/Konikowski)
I can supply what Harding had in mind.
20.Qd4!?,c6 21.Nf3,Rb4 22.Qd2,Rxe4 23.Rxe4,Ra8 24.a3,Nf6
with an unclear endgame (notes by Harding on the game Palagi-Mann, corr 1986).
However is 20...c6 the strongest move? There seems room for doubt.
If black plays 20...Qf5 instead of c6, Rb4 becomes a real threat.
and 20...Qf5 21.Nf3,Rb4 22.Nh4,Qg5 23.Qd1,Rxb2 looks decidedly unconfortable for white
{Arnold Perier Felipe (ESP) 2192 - Izeta Txabarri Felix (ESP) 2525, Euskadi (Spain) 1997}
The result is not only explained by the rating difference.
The only alternative is 20...Qf5 21.Nh3 but then 21...Rb4! forces white to play
22.g4 in order to avoid total disaster. The position after somthing like
20....Qf5 21.Nh3,Rb4! 22.g4,Rxd4 (only move) 23.gxf,Rd2 (or is Rxe4 to be preferred)
24.R4e2,Rxe2 25.Rxe2,Ra8 26.a3,Kf8 27.Rd2,Ne7 28.f6,exf6 needs further study.
Though there is no doubt that I would certainly prefer black.
I don't share your sentiments on 9...Ne5. In my view it is certainly the most practical reply
when faced with this variation over the board. the fact that this move was endorsed by Karpov
also should count for something. In correspondence play, with the backup of theory and with ample
time to look through the maze of variations the situation is of course different. Which probably
counts for the fact that I could easily find 18 correspondence examples, but hardly any recent
OTB-encounters with 9...Bf6.
I will react to the rest of your post later on. Looking some more into the 'merits of 16...f6 and 16...f5'