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Hot Topic (More than 10 Replies) f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings (Read 8215 times)
Poghosyan
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #10 - 08/25/12 at 15:14:21
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #9 - 08/25/12 at 15:13:33
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #8 - 08/25/12 at 15:12:10
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #7 - 08/25/12 at 15:10:37
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Pawn on h7

When the Black pawn is still on its initial position then the defence is very easy. White can win only in exceptional circumstances. Nevertheless both in practical games as well in analysis there are pretty much errors.

White pawns on f6 and g5

If the White’s pawns structure is f6-g5 then Black is safe with first rank defence. White has only 2 winning ideas but both of them can be met very easily.

D. 10

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Gelfand-Karpov (col. rev.) 
Reggio Emilia 1991/1992

White has huge space advantage but he can not improve his position.

I. Gelfand played 1...Ra8 (II). Even 1...Rd8+ (I) does not lose.

I. 1...Rd8+ 2.Ke7 Ra8

D. 10.1

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3.Rd7

3.Ke6 Rb8 (or 3...Ra6+) 4.Kf5 Rb5+ transposes to the game after 11...Rb5+. 4...Rb1 5.Rg7+ 5...Kh8 6.Re7 Kg8! Transposition to the game after 10...Kg8. For 5.Rc8+ see in the game after 7.Ra8+.
Not of course 4...Ra8? 5.g6!+-.

3...Rb8

Kuzminykh has analysed this position in1983 ( n. 1, with Black rook on a8 and white rook b7).

D. 10.2

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4.Rd8+

4.f7+ Kg7=. 

4...Rxd8 5.Kxd8 Kf7 6.Kd7 h6=.

Since the liquidation to a pawn ending does nor bring anything, the only constructive idea for White is trying the g5-g6 after transferring the king to f5.

II. 1...Ra8 2.Ke7 Rb8 3.Ra7

3.Rd7 see in the game after 14.Rd7.

3...Rf8 4.Ke6 Rb8 5.Ra5

Karpov prepares Kf5.

5…Rb6+ 6.Kf5

D. 10.3

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6…Rb1

Or 6…Rb2. Black should be able to meet g5-g6 with a check from behind. Everything else loses, e.g. 6…Rb8? 7. g6+-.

7.Ra8+ Kf7 8.Ra7+ Kg8 9.Rg7+ Kh8 10.Re7 Kg8 11.Rc7

11.Ke6 Rb6+ 12.Kf5 Rb5+ 13.Kg4 Rb4+ 14.Kh5 Rb1=.

11...Rb5+

Black has a great number of drawing moves - 11...Ra1, 11…Rh1, 11…Rf1+. Even 11…Rb2 does not lose because the checking distance after 12.Rc8+ Kf7 13.Rh8 Rf2+! is sufficient. It is clear from this line, that 11…Rb3? loses.
Not 11...Rb8? 12.g6!+- or 11…Re1?  (see the next game D. 11).

12.Ke6

12.Kg4 Rb4+ 13.Kh5 Rb1 14.Rg7+ (14.Rc8+ Kf7 15.Rh8 Rh1+ 16.Kg4 Rh2) 14...Kh8 15.g6 hxg6+ (15...Rh1+ 16.Kg5 hxg6=) 16.Kxg6 Rg1+ 17.Kf7 Ra1 18.Rg2 Ra7+ 19.Kg6 Kg8 20.Rb2 Rg7+=. 

Rb6+ 13.Ke7 Rb8

We are back to the game position after 2...Rb8

14.Rd7 Ra8 15.Rb7 Rc8 16.Ke6 Ra8 17.Rg7+ Kh8 18.g6 Ra6+ 19.Kf5 Ra5+ 20.Kf4 hxg6 21.Rxg6 Kh7 22.Rg5 Ra4+ 23.Kf5 Ra5+ 24.Kg4 Ra6 25.f7 Rf6 26.Rf5 Rxf5 Draw agreed. 

Flawless endgame technique by Gelfand.

D. 11

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Inkiov - Maze
Paris 2004

Black played here 49…Re2? and resigned after 50.Rg7+! Kh8 51.Re7.
Black could have drawn easiliy by 49...Rf1+ (as suggested by K. Müller) or 1…Ra1, 1…Rc1 or 1…Rh1. 

49…Rf1 50.Ke6 Re1+ 51.Kd6 Rd1+ 52.Ke7 Re1+ 53.Kd8 Ra1 54.Ke8 Ra8+ 55.Ke7 55…Rf8

Gelfand played here 55…Rc8.

55…Rf8 56.Ke6 Ra8 57.Rg7+ Kh8 58.Rd7 Kg8 59.Ke7 Rf8

Or 59…Rb8 (D. 10.2)

D. 11.1

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a) 60.Rd8 Rxd8 61.Kxd8 Kf7 62.Kd7 h6= (K. Müller).

b) 60.Rd6 Ra8

Not  60...Rf7+? 61.Ke6 Rf8 62.Kf5 Ra8 63.g6+- (Pinter).

61.Ra6

D. 11.2

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61…Rf8

According to Pinter this loses but the position is still drawn.
Black can draw also with 61…Rb8 or 61…Rc8. E. g. 61…Rb8 62.Ra7 Rc8 (Pinter).

62.Ke6

D. 11.3

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62…Re8+?

This move of Pinter loses. Black draws easily by 62...Rb8 63.Kf5 Rb1or 63...Rb5+ 64.Kg4 Rb1= or even 64…Rb4+ 65.Kh5 Rb1=. 

63.Kf5 Rb8 64.g6+-. 

White pawns on f5 and g4

The pawn structure f5-g4 is more favourable for White because White king can make use of the square g5. 

D. 12

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White to play wins easily by 1.Kh6! Ra4 2.Rb8+ Kf7 3.Rb7+ Kf8 4.Rg7+-.

Black to play the position is drawn.

I. Either Black plays 1...Ra4 tying the king to the defence of the pawn or 1...Ra1 (Ra2, Ra3) in order to meet 2.Kh6 by 2…Rh1+ or 2…Rg1.

II. But in the game Majorovas-Legky (Cannes 1992) Black played 1...Kg7?

D. 12.1

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2.f6+!

The only move to win.

I. 2…Kf7

Played in the game.

3.Kh6 Ra1 4.Rb7+ Kxf6 5.g5+ Kf5 6.Rb5+ Ke6 7.Kxh7 Ra7+ 8.Kh6 Ra8 9.g6 Rh8+ 10.Kg7 Rh1 11.Rb6+ Ke7 12.Rb7+ Ke6 13.Kg8 Rh2 14.g7 Rh1 15.Kf8 Rf1+ 16.Ke8 Rg1 17.Rb6+ Ke5 18.Kf7 Rf1+ 19.Kg6 1–0 

II. 2...Kg8

D. 12.2

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1) 3.Kh6! Ra1 54.Rb8+! Kf7 55.Rb7+! Kxf6 56.g5+! Kf5 57.Rb5+! Ke6 58.Kxh7+-.

2) 3.Rb8+?

This move suggested by Beliavsky and Mikhalchishin  in Winning Endgame Technique throws away the win.

3...Kf7

D. 12.3

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4.Rh8 Ra5+ 5.Kh6 Kxf6 6.Rf8+

Or 6.Rxh7 Rg5 7.Rf7+ Kxf7 8.Kxg5 Kg7= (Beliavsky/Mikhalchishin ). 

6...Ke6

6...Ke7? 7.Rf4+- (Beliavsky/Mikhalchishin ).   

7.g5 Rb5 8.Rh8

D. 12.4

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Beliavsky and Mikhalchishin continue here with 8…Kf5? which loses after 9.Rxh7 Kg4 10.Ra7. 

8...Kf7! 9.Rxh7+ Kg8! 10.Rg7+ Kh8!=.

D. 13

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This position arose in Bobotsov-Yukhtman (1964) (rev. col.). The theory evaluates this as a draw but White can win analogous to D. 12.

I. 1.f6+! Kg8 2.Kh6 Rc1 3.Rb8+ Kf7 4.Rb7+ Kxf6 5.g5++-

II. 1.g5?

This move played in Bobotsov-Yukhtman throws away the win. Neither Emms nor Ftacnik in ECE comment on this.

1...Rc1 2.f6+ Kg8 3.Rb8+ Kf7 4.Rb7+ Kg8 5.Rg7+ Kh8 6.g6 Rh1+

6...Rc5+? 7.Kh6 hxg6 8.Re7 Rc8 9.f7+-.

7.Kg5 Rg1+ 8.Kf5 hxg6+

8...Rxg6? 9.Rxg6 hxg6+ 10.Ke6+-.

9.Ke6

D. 13.1

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1) 9…Ra1?

This move played in the game loses.

10.Rd7 Ra6+ 11.Kf7 Kh7 12.Kf8+ Kh8 13.f7 Kh7 14.Rd8 Ra7 15.Rb8 Ra1 16.Ke7 1–0.

2) 9...Re1+

Suggested by Ftacnik in the ECE.

10.Kf7 Ra1 11.Rg8+

11.Kxg6 Rg1+ 12.Kf7 Ra1 13.Rg2 Ra7+ 14.Ke6 Ra6+ 15.Ke7 Ra7+=.

11...Kh7 12.Re8 g5 13.Kf8 Kg6 14.f7

a) 14…Ra7?

This move of Ftacnik loses.

15.Re6+ Kf5

a1) 16.Kg8?

This throws away the win. 

16...Rxf7 17.Kxf7 g4= (Ftacnik) .

a2) 16.Re7! Ra8+

16...Ra6 17.Re1! Kg4 (17...g4 18.Kg8 Rg6+ 19.Kh7+-) 18.Kg8 Rg6+ (18...Rf6 19.Kg7 transposes to this line after 20.Kg7) 19.Kh7 Rf6 20.Kg7 Rf2 21.Re6 Rxf7+ 22.Kxf7 Kf3 23.Rf6+! Ke3 24.Rg6! (24.Re6+ Kf3 25.Rf6+! Ke3 26.Rg6+-) 24...Kf4 25.Kg7 g4 26.Kh6+-) 17.Re8 Ra7 18.Kg8 Rxf7 19.Kxf7 g4 20.Rg8! Kf4 21.Kg6!+-.

b) 14...g4! 15.Re6+ Kg5

15...Kh5 16.Kg7 Ra7=.
15...Kf5? 16.Kg8!+-.

16.Re5+ Kh4!

16...Kf4? 17.Kg8!+-.

17.Kg8 Rf1 18.f8Q Rxf8+ 19.Kxf8 g3=.

D. 14

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Von Baudissin - Kieninger
Weidenau  1950

60.Rc7+

Black could have drawn by 60…Kg8 (1) but he played 60…Kf8? (2).

1) 60...Kg8!

Black should protect his pawn with his king in order to be able to transfer his rook to the eight rank.

61.Kf6

61.Rd7 Ra1 62.Kf6 Ra8 or 62...Ra6+=.

61...Rh6+! 62.Ke7 Ra6 63.f6 Ra8

Back rank defence. The position is drawn. 

2) 60…Kf8?

D. 14.1

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White played here 61.Kf6?! which maintains the win but loses time. The only winning move is 61.Rd7! (2). 

1) 61.Rd7!

The rook occupies the d-file in order to exchange the rooks on d8 if Black decides to resort to the back rank defence.

61…Kg8 62.Kf6 Rh6+ 63.Ke7! Ra6 64.g5 Ra8

64...Ra1 65.Rd8+ Kg7 66.f6+ Kg6 67.Rg8+ Kf5 68.f7 Ra7+ 69.Kf8 h5 70.Kg7+-.

65.Rd8+ Rxd8 66.Kxd8+-.

2) 61.Kf6?! 61...Rh6+ 62.Ke5?

This is the decisive mistake. White can still win if he backtracks with 62.Kg5! Rh1 63.Rd7!+-.

62...Kg8! 63.g5 Ra6 64.Rd7 Ra8 65.f6 Ra6?

Black should have simply defended on the back rank with 65...Rb8!=. See D. 10, Gelfand-Karpov (col. rev.) and D. 11. 

D. 14.2

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66.Rg7+?!

White could have won by 66.Rd8+! Kf7 67.Rh8 Ra5+ 68.Kf4! Ra4+ 69.Kf5 Ra5+ 70.Kg4+-.

66...Kh8 67.Rd7 Kg8 68.Rd6?

White misses the last chance to win by 68.Rd8+ .

68...Ra8 69.Kd5 Rb8 70.Kc6 Ra8 71.Rd5 Rb8 72.Kc7 Ra8 73.Rb5 Ra7+ 74.Kb8 Rd7 75.Ra5 Rf7 76.Ra6 Rd7 77.Rc6 Draw agreed.
  
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #6 - 08/24/12 at 09:10:24
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Again, you are anticipating my intentions!

I have already analysed the game von Baudissin-Kieninger for the part 4 of this thread where I am making a systematic review of positions with the pawn on h7. I will post that part next days.

The endgame von Baudissin-Kieninger is given in the Pinter`s „1000 Rook Endings“ (p. 224 and 235) but Pinter fails to note numerous mistakes and inaccuracies of both sides. I attach my analysis but a detailed coverage will be given in the part 4. 60…Kg8! is the right move because it protects the h7-pawn and Black gets time to transfer the rook to the 8. rank in order to organise the back rank defence. 60…Kf8? leaves the h7-pawn unprotected which hinders the transfer of the rook to the back rank.
  
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #5 - 08/24/12 at 03:02:48
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The complexities hidden in these seemingly simple positions is fascinating!  Thank you Vadan for sharing your extensive analysis.

Another related position that I have not found in endgame books arose in the game Von Baudissin - Kieninger, 1950:

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Where should Black play his king, and why?
  
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #4 - 05/28/12 at 12:50:50
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Sorry, haven't had time to look at the posts in detail, but I really, really appreciate your efforts. You might be the reference work proustikeen is looking for!  Grin
  
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #3 - 05/28/12 at 10:09:37
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D. 9

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This position arose in Schmidt-Plachetka (rev. col.) after the 52. move of Schmidt (52…Ra6).

1.f5

White`s plan is to play 2.Kh4 followed by g4 and Kh5. The immediate 1.Kh4 fails to 1…Rf3! (compare with D. 8a after 3…Rf3).

I. 1…Ra5!

Preventing 2.Kh4 by this move is the only way for Black to draw. 1...Kg8 suggested by Mukoseyev and indorsed by Smyslov loses (see II.). Black loses also after 1…h5 (III.).

2.Kf4

D. 9.1

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2…Kg8

Black should improve without delay the position of the king. 2...Ra4+? loses to 3.Ke5 Rg4 4.Rd8+ Kg7 5.f6+ Kf7 6.Rd7+ Ke8 7.f7+ Kf8 8.Kf6+- (Minev).   

3.Re7=

We have transposed into D. 8.2 (with the unimportant difference that the Black rook stands there on b5).

Back to D. 9

II. 1...Kg8?

D. 9.2

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Mukoseyev suggests this move as an improvement from Black's viewpoint. Smyslov concurs with his analysis but in fact 1...Kg8 throws away the draw. 

1) 2.Kf4?=

A strange result-changing mistake by Mukoseyev and Smyslov. White should of course proceed with his standard plan Kh4 followed by g4 and Kh5 (see the following line). 

2...Rb3 3.Re7 Ra3

The position can arise also in D. 8.11 after 6.f6 h5 (line III 3).

4.f6 h5 5.Rg7+ Kf8 6.Kf5

6.Rh7 Ra5

6...Rf3+ 7.Ke6 Re3+= (Mukoseyev).

2) 2.Kh4 or 3.Rd6+-

Black is defenceless as he can't prevent g4 and Kh5.
We have already seen this position in the analysis of Petrosian-Olafsson (rev. col.) (D. 6b after 3.f5+ Kg7 4.Ra7+ Kg8). 

III. 1…h5

Kuzminykh believes that this move of Khachaturov is the easiest way to draw. But in fact it loses.

D. 9.3

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1) 2.Kf4? Ra4+ 3.Ke5 Rg4 4.Rd8+ Kg7 5.f6+ Kf7 6.Rd7+ Kf8 7.Ke6 Re4+ 8.Kf5 Rg4 9.Rd3 Ke8 10.Re3+

10.Ra3 Kf7 11.Re3 Rg8 12.Re7+ Kf8= (Ftacnik).

10...Kf7= (Khachaturov).

2) 2.Kh4!+-

This improvement of Ftacnik in ECE, Beograd 1985, n. 730) wins.

2…Rf3

If 2...Kg8 then 3.Rd6 Rf3 4.Rg6+! Kf7 5.Rg5+-.

3.g4

3.Rf7 Kg8 4.Rf6 Kh7! 5.Kh3 Rf2= (Ftacnik).

3...hxg4 4.Kg5 Kg8 5.Kg6 Kf8 6.f6 Ke8 7.Re7+ Kd8

7...Kf8 8.Ra7(Ftacnik).

8.Re2 g3 9.f7 Rf4 10.Kg7 Rg4+ 11.Kh6 Rh4+ 12.Kg5 Rh8 13.Kg6+- (Ftacnik).
  
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #2 - 05/28/12 at 09:40:46
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Part 3

Our next two examples are the most complex by far and closely connected with each other.   

D. 8

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Levenfish/Smyslov n. 164 (English ed., 1989), n. 241 (Russian ed. 1986)

Levenfish/Smyslov showed convincingly that White to move wins with 1.Kg4! and Black is unable to effectively prevent the king from advancing to h5. 1…Rg6+ 2.Kh4 Rf6 3.Kh5+- or 1…Ra3 2.Rh7 Ra6 3.Kh5+-. Black to play the position is drawn.

1...Ra3

This move draws but contrary to the view of Levenfish/Smyslov Black doesn’t lose also by 1...Kg8 (D. 8.12).

2.Kg4

2.g4 Ra6 3.Rd7 Rb6 4.Ke5 Rg6 5.g5 hxg5 6.f5 Rg7=. 

2...Kg8

Now Levenfish/Smyslov consider only 3.f5 (I.) and 3.Kh4 (II.). 3.Re7 (III.) suggested by Kuzminykh/Zeveke is stronger because it prevents the 3...h5 blow which is possible in case of 3.f5. 

I. 3.f5 h5+   

Levenfish/Smyslov stopped here. Speelman considers only the move 3...Ra5. After 4.Re7 Rb5 5.Kf4 play transposes into the main line of Kuzminykh (after 5.Kf4).

4.Kh4

4.Kf4 Ra4+ 5.Ke5 Rg4=

4...Rf3 5.g4 hxg4 6.Kg5 g3 7.Kg6 Kf8 8.f6 Ke8= (Kuzminykh/Zeveke).

II. 3.Kh4 Rf3!

The only move to draw. Levenfish/Smyslov stop here.

4.Rd7 Kuzminykh/Zeveke 

4...Rf1

Now 4...Kf8? loses to 5.Rh7 and 4...Ra3? to 5.g4 (Kuzminykh/Zeveke).   
4...Kh8?! also draws but the defence is much more complicated. After 5.Kg4 Ra3 (not 5…Rf1 6.Kh5 Rf3 7.Kh6 Rg3 8.Rd8) 6.f5 we transpose to D. 9 (Schmidt-Plachetka). 

5.Kg4

5.Kh5 Rf3=.

5…Rg1

Or 5…Rf2 6.Rd6 Kh7 7.Kf5 Rg2 (Speelman with White rook on e-file).

6.Rd3

6.f5 Rg2=.

6…Kg7 7.Kf5 Rg2 8.g4 Rg1 9.Rd7+ Kg8=.

III. 3.Re7

D. 8.1

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The main line of Kuzminykh. This move is stronger than 3.f5 because it prevents the 3...h5 blow which is possible in case of 3.f5

3...Rb3 4.f5

Now White has again the threat Kh4 followed by g4 and Kh5. See this position White to move in D. 9 after 1...Kg8?

4...Rb5!

The only move which prevents 5.Kh4. 
4...h5+? does not help here thanks to the position of the White rook on e7 - 5.Kf4 Rb4+ 6.Re4 Rb3 7.Re3+-

5.Kf4

We will see an analogous position in D. 9 with a position of Black king on h8 after 1.f5 Ra5 2.Kf4 (D. 9.1).

D. 8.2

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We shall analyse an analogous position in D. 9.1 (D. 9 after 1.f5 Ra5 2.Kf4). Thanks to the good position of the king on g8 Black has here more options than in D. 9.1 with Black king on h8. The theory considers here 5…Rb4+ (1) and 5…Ra5 (2). It is interesting to note that Speelman considers 5…Ra5 as loosing and 5…Rb4+ as drawing, whilst Ftacnik claims exactly the contrary. In fact both …Rb4+ and 5…Ra5 draw. In my opinion the most straightforward defence is 5…Rb3 (3) which transposes to the line of Speelman 5…Rb4+ after 6.Ke5 Rb3 7.Kf4 or to the line of Mukoseyev/Smayslov in D. 9 after 1.f5 Kg8? 2.Kf4? Rb3 3.Re7 Ra3 (line II. 1).

1) 5…Rb4+

Active defence but Black must defend carefully to hold the game. 

A) 6.Ke5

a) Kuzminykh/Zeveke give here only the line 6…Rg4?! 7.Ke6= and stop their analysis. According to Ftacnik White is winning. The position is in fact drawn although the drawing line is not particularly obvious.

D. 8.3

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7…Re4+!

The only move to draw. Ftacnik considers only 7...Rxg3? and refers to the game Wedberg-Speelman (1982) (col. rev.) where the Black rook was on g4 (which does not make any difference). As J. Nunn remarks Speelman condacted this endgame with great skill and gave also accurate analysis in Informator (and in BCE). The game continued: 8.Re8+! Kh7 9.f6 Re3(4)+ 10.Kd7! (10.Kf7 Ra3=) 10...Rd3+ 11.Ke7 Re3+ 12.Kf8 Ra3 13.f7 Ra7 14.Rd8 Kg6 15.Rd6+ Kg5 16.Ke8 1-0. For detailed analysis of this endgame see BCE (p. 269-270) and Nunn`s exellent analysis (also verbal) in Nunn`s Chess Endings, vol. 2, p. 190-191.

8.Kf6 Ra4!

8...Rg4? fails also here: 9.Re8+ Kh7 10.Ke6 Re4+ 11.Kf7 Rg4 12.f6+-.

9.Rg7+ Kh8!

9...Kf8? 10.Rg6!+-

10.Re7 Kg8 11.Re6 Rb4=

b) 6…Rb3!

This move of Speelman forces White king to retreat to f4. 

D. 8.4

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7.Kf4

After 7.Ke6 White loses his g-pawn: 7…Re3+ (not 7...Rxg3? 8.Re8+ Kh7 9.f6) 8.Kf6 Rxg3 (Speelman). Or 7.g4 Rb4 8.Ke6 Re4+ (Speelman).

7...Rb4+

Or 7…Ra3 (see the line 3) 5…Rb3. 

8.Re4

We have now transposed to the next line – B) 6.Re4, D. 8.5.

B) 6.Re4

D. 8.5

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a) 6…Rb5! 

This is the idea of Mukoseyev who analysed this position with the Black rook on a4 (the position of the Black rook on a- or b-file does not make any difference). After 6…Rb5 White can not improve his position. Ftacnik gives here 7.f6 Kf7 8.Re5 Rb6=.

b) Black draws also by 6...Rb7? 7.f6 Kf7 8.Kf5.

Minev, Kuzminykh, Smyslov and Mukoseyev evaluated this position as lost but Speelman proved that Black can save this position. 

D. 8.6

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8…h5! 11.Re5

11.Re7+ Rxe7 12.fxe7 h4!=

11...Ra7 12.Kg5 h4! 13.gxh4 Ra1=.

This ending is drawn but as Speelman points out, „that would be a ludicrous way to defend in practice“. 

Back to D. 8.2.

2) 5...Ra5?!

D. 8.7

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Contrary to Speelman's views Black can draw also by 5...Ra5 but the defence is more difficult.

6.f6

A) Speelman considers only the passive 6…Rb5? which indeed loses. We shall follow now the game Schmidt-Plachetka (1976) (rev. col.) but with the rook on b-file (as we noted above the position of the Black rook on a- or b-file does not make any difference). N. Minev was the first who analysed it in Shakhmatna mysl and Informator and proved that with correct play Plachetka could have won. Ftacnic repeats in ECE mainly the analysis of Minev but fails to make reference to it. Since this ending has been analysed in nearly all endgame books I will reproduce here only the main lines.

D. 8.8

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7.Rg7+ Kh8

7...Kf8 8.g4 -- 9.Rh7.

8.g4 Ra5

8...Rb4+ 9.Kf5 Rb5+ 10.Kg6 Rg5+ 11.Kf7 Ra5 12.g5 hxg5 13.Kg6.

9.g5 hxg5+ 10.Kg4

10.Rxg5 Ra7 11.Kf5 Kh7 12.Rh5+ Kg8 13.Kg6 Rg7+=.

10...Ra8

10...Rb5 11.Re7 Kg8 12.Kh5 -- 13.Kg6+-.

D. 8.9

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11.Kh5?

Minev proved the win by 11.Kf5 g4 12.Kg6 Rg8 13.Kf7 Ra8 14.Rg5! Ra7+ 15.Kg6 g3 16.Rb5 Ra8 17.Rh5++- 

As Kuzminykh pointed out White could have won easily by 11.Re7 Rg8 12.Kh5 g4 13.Kh6 Ra8 14.Rh7+ Kg8 15.f7+. Nunn indicates the fastest way – 11.Rd7 Rg8 (11...Kg8 12.Kf5 Rb8 13.Kg6 Rc8 14.Rg7+ Kf8 15.Rh7 Kg8 16.f7+) 12.Kf5 g4 13.f7 Ra8 14.Kf6 g3 15.Re7 g2 16.Re8+ Kh7 17.f8Q Ra6+ 18.Kf5+-.

11...Rf8 12.Rg6

12.Kg6 Rg8 13.Kf7 Ra8 14.Rxg5 Ra7+ 15.Kg6 Kg8 16.Rb5 Rg7+. 

12...g4 13.Kxg4 Ra8= 14.Kg5 Ra5+ 15.Kg4 Ra4+ 16.Kh5 Rf4 17.Rh6+ Kg8 18.Kg6 Rf1 19.Rh5 Rg1+ Draw agreed.

Back to D. 8.7 after 6.f6.

B) 6…h5! 

The only move to draw.

D. 8.10

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6...h5! was suggested by Mukoseyev (Smyslov, Russian edition 1986, p. 109). Kuzminykh/Zeveke have also analysed this position (n. 26).   

a) 7.Re5 Ra4+ 8.Kf5 Rg4

Kuzminykh, Zeveke suggest as alternative draw 8...Kh7 9.Re7+ Kh6 10.Re8 (10.f7 Kg7; 10.Ke6 Ra6+ 11.Kf7 Ra8= Ftacnik) 10...Ra5+ 11.Ke6 Ra6+ 12.Kf7 Ra7+ 13.Re7 (13.Kf8 Kg6) 13...Ra8=. 

9.Ke6

9.Re6 Kf7 10.Re7+ Kf8 11.Rg7 Rxg7 12.fxg7+ Kxg7 13.Kg5 h4 14.Kxh4 Kh6= .

9...Rxg3 10.Ke7 Rf3 11.Rg5+ Kh7 12.f7

12.Rxh5+ Kg6 13.Rh1 Re3+= .

12...Re3+

12...Kh6= 13.Rg8 h4 14.f8Q+ Rxf8 15.Rxf8 (15.Kxf8 Kh5 16.Kf7 h3 17.Kf6 Kh4 18.Kf5 h2 19.Kf4 Kh3= Ftacnik) 15...Kg5 16.Ke6 h3 17.Ke5 Kg4 18.Ke4 h2= .

13.Kf8 Rf3 14.Rg8 Kh6 15.Ke7 h4=.

Back to D. 8.10

b) 7.Rg7+ Kf8 8.Rg5 Ra4+ 9.Kf5

9.Kf3 Kf7

9...h4= Mukoseyev 10.g4?? not  8...Ra5+–+.

Back to D. 8.2

3) 5…Rb3

D. 8.11

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The black rook tries to keep the White king tied to the defence of g3-pawn. Since the White king is on f4 and therefore he can not implement the plan Kh4 followed by g4 and Kh5 the position of the rook on 3 rank is very safe. We will see this method defence also in D. 9 after 1.f5 Kg8? 2.Kf4? Rb3 3.Re7 Ra3 (line II. 1).

6.Re3

If 6.f6 then 6…h5! See D. 9.1 after 2.Kf4? Rb3 3.Re7 Ra3 (line II. 1).
6.Kg4 Rb5 repeats the position at move 4.

a) 6…Rb4+ =.

The simplest. Now 7.Ke5 is less dangerous than in the line I A (D. 8b after 5…Rb4+ 6.Ke5) since the White rook has been forced to take a passive position. 7...Kf7 6.Rd3 (6.Ra3 Rb5+ 7.Kf4 Rb4+=) 6...Rg4 7.Ra3 h5!=.
7.Re4 transposes after 7…Ra5 to the D. 8.5 after 7…Rb5.

b) 6…Rb5

Trying to prevent the advance of the king.

7.g4 Rb1

The position still requires a careful play by the defender. Black can not improve now the position of his king. 7...Kg7? loses to 8.Re7+ Kf8 9.f6 Kg8 10.Rg7+ Kh8 11.g5+- (see Schmidt-Plachetka, D. 8h after 7.Rg7+ Kh8 8.g4 Rb5 9.g5).
7...Kf7?! does not lose but make the defence more complicated since Black is oblieged to transfer to a R+f+h versus R endgame after 8.Re6 Rb4+! 9.Kg3 h5!=
By transferring the rook to the first rank (it was possible also on the 6. move) Black wants to put his rook on h1 and to keep his king in front of the passed pawn.   

8.Kg3 Kf7 9.Re6 Kg7=. 

We have transposed to a line in the analysis of the well-known game Keres-Smyslov (col. rev.) after 7...Ra1 instead of 7...Rf1.

Back to the D. 8.

1...Kg8 

Contrary to the opinion of Smyslov this move does not lose.

D. 8.12

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2.Re7 Ra3 3.g4

2.Kg4 transposes to the main line (D. 8 after 1…Ra3 2.Kg4 Kg8) with Black to play.   

3...Rg3!

Levenfish/Smyslov consider only 3...Ra4? 4.Re4 Ra6 5.Re6+-

4.Re6 Kh7!

But not 4...Kg7? 5.Rg6+ Kh7 6.Kf6!+-.

After 4…Kh7! Speelman writes: "seems to draw" (BCE, p. 270). The position is indeed drawn. 

5.Ra6 Rg1

Or 5…Rg2. White cannot improve his position.

6.Ra7+ Kg8

Or 6...Kh8?! 7.Ke6 Rxg4! 8.f5 Re4+! 9.Kf7 h5 10.f6 Kh7!=

7.Ke6 Rxg4 8.f5 Re4+ 9.Kf6 Rg4 10.Ke5 h5=.
  
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Re: f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
Reply #1 - 05/24/12 at 09:41:56
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Part 2


In pre-computer area rook endings with f- and g-pawns against h-pawn were very extensively analysed by Soviet players Kuzminykh and Zeveke in Shakhmatny Biulleten no. 6 and 9, 1983. Their analysis and conclusions are  of remarkable quality, although not without some flaws.

D. 6

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This position arose in the game Petrosian-Olafsson (1959) (rev. col.). Petrosian played 1...Rc1 which was criticized by the annotators of the game Gligoric and Ragozin. They suggested 2 alternatives - 1...Rb6? or 1...Rc2 but 1...Rb6 in fact loses.   

I. 1...Rb6? 2.f5+ Kf6 3.Kh5 Rb2

Gligoric and Ragozin give this position as drawn and stop here. But Kuzminykh has proved that White wins.

D. 6a

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4.Ra6+! Kf7

a) 4...Kxf5 5.g4+! Kf4 6.Ra4+! Ke5 7.Kxh6+- Rb6+ 8.Kg5 Rb8 (8...Ke6 9.Ra7) 9.Ra6.
b) 4...Kg7 5.Rg6+ Kf7 6.Kxh6.

5.Rg6 Rf2 6.f6.

This line shows how dangerous it is to allow White to bring his king to h5.

II. 1...Rc2

This move has been considered by both Gligoric/Ragozin and Kuzminykh as more clear-cut than 1...Rc1. The idea is to keep White tied to the defence of his g3-pawn. But it does not work here.   

2.g3 Rc3?

This move of Gligoric/Ragozin, approved by Kuzminykh, loses. Thanks to the passive position of the Black rook White manages to bring his king to h5 after Kg4-h4 and g3-g4. This plan is impossible when the Black rook has checks from the h-file.
Perhaps the simplest way to draw is 2...Rc1. After 3.Ra6+ Kg7 4.Kf5 Rc7 Black resorts to the 2. Rank defence as in the next line III. 1. Black can play also 4...Rc5+?! = compare with the line III. 2.
If 3.f5+ then 3...Kg7 4.Ra7+ Kf6! (4...Kg8? 5.Kh5!) 5.Ra6+ Kg7 6.Kh5 (6.Rg6+ Kh7=) 6...Rh1+=. 


D. 6b

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3.f5+!

The analysts missed this move. Gligoric and Ragozin consider only 3.Ra6+? Kg7 4.Kh4 Rf3 5.Rb6 Ra3 6.g4 Ra1=. Kuzminykh concurs with this line. 

3...Kg7 4.Ra7+! Kg8

4...Kf6 5.Ra6+ Kg7 6.Rg6+ transposes to the main line after 5...Kg7 6.Rg6+.

5.Ra6 Kh7

5...Kg7 6.Rg6+ Kh7 7.Kh5+-

6.Kh4!

White uses the bad position of the rook on c3 and carries out the standard plan g3-g4 and Kh4-h5.

6...Rc1

Too late. Black is a tempo down because of 2...Rc3?.

7.Ra7+ Kg8 8.Kh5 Rc6 9.g4 Rb6

9...Kf8 10.Rh7+-. 

10.Re7 followed by 11.Re6+-.

III. 1...Rc1

It follows from the previous line that this move of Petrosian is the best one because it effectively prevents the advance of White king to h5 and leaves open the option of 2 rank defence. 

2.Ra6+ Kg7 3.Kf5

Kuzminykh was not happy with 1...Rc1 because of this breakthrough by the king to the centre but it is in fact not dangerous for Black. 

1) 3...Rc7

D. 6c

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In the game Petrosian played 3...Rc5+?! which also draws although it is a bit more complicated than the recommendation of Kuzminykh -  3...Rc7. The second-rank defence is the safest way to draw.

4.Ke6

Or 4.g4 Rf7+ 5.Ke5 Re7+ 6.Re6 Rf7 7.f5 Ra7= Black again sets up a second rank defence. 8.Rg6+ Kh7 9.Rd6 Kg7 10.Ke6 Rb7 Transposition to Kuzminykh n. 6 11.Rd7+ (11.Ra6 Rc7 12.Ra8 Rc6+ 13.Ke7 Rc7+ 14.Ke8 Rf7; 11.f6+ Kg6) 11...Rxd7 12.Kxd7 Kf6 13.Ke8 h5 =. 

4...Rf7 5.Ke5

5.f5?? Rf6+

5...Rb7 6.g4 Rf7 7.f5 Rb7 8.Rg6+ Kh7 9.Rd6 Kg7 10.Ke6 Ra7 =

2) 3...Rc5+?! 4.Ke6 Kg6

Black can draw also by 4...h5 5.f5 Rc2 6.Ra7+ (6.f6+ Kg6) 6...Kh6 7.f6 Re2+ 8.Kf7 Rxg2 (Gligoric/Ragozin).

5.g4

D. 6d

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5...h5?

Only this move of Petrosian is the desicive mistake. Again it was not too late to resort to the second rank defence by 5..Rc7 6.f5+ (6.Rd6 Rf7 7.f5+ Kg7) 6...Kg7 (Kuzminykh).
Gligoric/Ragozin suggested 5...Rc1?! "with chance for draw". Black can secure a draw by accurate defence:  6.Ke5+ Kg7 7.Ra7+ Kg8 8.Rd7 Rg1! 9.Rd8+ Kg7= 10.Rd7+ Kg8 11.g5 hxg5 12.f5 Ra1=. 

6.Kd6 Rb5 7.Kc6 Rb1 8.Kd5+ Kg7 9.g5 h4 10.Rh6 Rh1 11.Ke4 h3 12.Kf3 Rf1+ 13.Kg3 Rg1+ 14.Kxh3 1-0 

D. 7

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Kuzminykh n. 32 B

According to Kuzminykh and Zeveke Black to play this position is drawn. But I think that it is an easy win for White.

1...Ra4+ 2.Re4 Ra7

Now Kuzminykh and Zeveke consider only 3.Re3? and 3.Kg5? which throw away the win. The only route to victory is 3.Re6!

1) 3.Re3? Rg7 4.f6 Rg4+

Or  4...Rg6= 

5.Kf5 Kf8

Or  5...Kf7=   

6.Ra3 Kf7

Or  6...Kg8, 6...Ke8=

7.Ra7+ Kf8

Or 7...Kg8=

8.Rg7 Rxg7 9.fxg7+ Kxg7 10.Kg5 h4= (Kuzminykh, Zeveke)

2) 3.Kg5? Rg7+ 4.Kh4 Kf7 5.Ra4 Kf6= (Kuzminykh, Zeveke)

Or 5...Rg8=

3) 3.Re6! Kf7

a) 3...Kg7 4.Kg5 Ra3 5.Rg6++-. 
b) 3...Kh7 4.Kg5 Rg7+ 5.Rg6+-. 
c) 3...h4 4.g4+-.

4.Rh6 Ra4+ 5.Kf3! Ra3+ 6.Kg2 Ra2+

6...h4 7.Rxh4!+-

7.Kh3 Ra4 8.Rxh5+-.
« Last Edit: 05/24/12 at 18:21:42 by Poghosyan »  
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f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn rook endings
05/23/12 at 14:24:08
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Part 1

In the thread Capablanca-Yates we have seen how important it is to evaluate precisely the ensuing rook endings with f- and g-pawns versus h-pawn. In diagrams 4, 6 and 8 of that thread we had an identical pawn structure � f4, g4 vers. h6. In D. 4 and D. 6 the Black king was cut off on the 8th rank with the Black rook on the 5th rank and the White king on the 6th rank. Both D. 4 and D. 6 of the thread Capablanca-Yates are critical positions in a sense that everything depends on a single tempo. The position is winning for White whoever moves first only when his king is on g6 or h4.

D. 1

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1...Kh8 2.f5 Kg8 3.Kh5 Rb6 4.Re7+-�

If the Black king is on f8 then White to move wins also with his king still on f3.

D. 2

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1.Kg3 Rb1

1...Kg8 2.Kh4

2.Rh7Rg1+ 3.Kf3!

3.Kh3? Kg8!

3...Rh1 4.Kg2 Rh4 5.Kg3 Rh1 6.g5+-�

Let us put the Black rook on 6th rank. Here it is better for Black to keep the king on f8 rather on g8 because from f8 the king prevents the White�s rook manoeuvre to e7.

D. 3

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1.Re7 Kf8 2.Re6 Rb5+ 3.Kf6 Rb4 4.Kf5

4.Ke5 Rb5+ (4...Kg7 5.Re7++- see D. 5 of Capablanca-Yates thread) 5.Kf6 Rb4 6.Kf5

4...Kg7 5.Re7+!

5.Rg6+?! Kh7 6.Re6! Kg7 7.Re7+

5...Kf8 6.Re4!

6.Rd7? Rb6! In D. 5 of Capablanca-Yates thread Rb6 fails to Rd6 thanks to the position of the king on e5.�

6...Rb1 7.Kg6 Rb6+ 8.Kh5 Kg7 9.Re7+ Kg8

9...Kf8 10.Rh7+-

10.f5+-

Another rook ending position with f- and g-pawns against h-pawn came across to me during the analysis of the ending Botvinnik-Borisenko (1955) (with col. rev.). While analysing the position in D. 4 which could have arisen in that ending I got doubts that it was drawn (as concluded by both Kopayev and Levenfish/Smyslov).

D. 4

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Dvoretsky expressed his own doubts in his Manual, noting that after 1.Kf6 the draw is far from obvious. But he did not provide for any analysis. In fact this position is a not so difficult win for White.

1.Kf6

This move of Dvoretsky wins.

1...h6

1...Ra8 2.Kf7+-.
1...h5 2.Kg6 Ra8 3.Kxh5+-.� �

2.Re8+ Kh7 3.Re7+ Kg8 4.f4

4.g4 is also possible. 4�Rb4 5.Rg7+ Kf8 (5...Kh8 6.Rf7 Rb6+ 7.Kf5 Kg8 8.Rf6 Rb7 9.Kg6+-) 6.Rf7+ Kg8 7.Kg6 Rb1 (7...Rb6+ 8.Rf6 Rb1 9.Kxh6+-) 8.f4 Rg1 9.g5 hxg5 10.f5+-.

4...Rb4

4...Ra6+ 5.Re6 Ra4 6.Kg6+-.

5.Kg6 Rb6+ 6.Kh5 Kf8 7.Ra7 Kg8 8.g4 Rc6 9.f5 Rb6 10.Re7 Ra6 11.Re6+-

Later on I will present the complete analysis of the ending Botvinnik-Borisenko after 44. move of Black and will try to prove that despite the unanimous opinion in the ending literature and of Botvinnik himself the position of White is not lost.�

After having found the wins in Capablanca-Yates and Botvinnik-Borisenko (with f and g pawns versus h pawn)� I decided to take a closer look at similar endings with 2 pawns versus 1 pawn (pawns on one side of the board). I have found a considerable number of mistakes in the analysis of some well known positions. Here are more examples with f and g pawns versus h pawn which were misanalysed in the theory.�

D. 5

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Gligoric - Smyslov
Moscow 1947

Gligoric played here 1.Kf4? which gave Smyslov the possibility to sacrifice his pawn and to go into a drawn ending with f- and h-pawns: 1...Ra3 2.Rg5 Ra4+ 3.Ke3 Ra3+ 4.Kf2 Ra2+ 5.Kg1 h4 6.gxh4 Kf6 =.

In fact, the position in the diagram is winning, but the correct move was missed by the players during the game and by numerous annotators in their analysis.

1.Rf6! Ra3

Here 1�h4 doesn�t help Black because after 2.gxh4 Black�s king is cut off.�

1...Rd1 2.Rf4 (but not 2.g4? Rf1! (2...Rg1? 3.Rf4 hxg4 4.fxg4+-; 2...Rh1? 3.Rh6 Rh3 4.Rxh5 Rxf3 5.Rh7+ Kf8 6.Kg6 Kg8 7.Rg7+! Kf8 8.g5+-) 3.gxh5 (3.Rh6 hxg4 4.fxg4 Rg1= (4...Kf7=) ) 3...Rg1+=) 2...Rg1 3.g4 hxg4 4.fxg4+-.

2.g4 h4

2...hxg4 3.fxg4+-�

3.Rf5

a) 3.f4 h3 4.f5 (4.Rh6 Kf7 5.f5 Rb3 6.Ra6 h2 7.Rh6 Rb2 8.Kf4 Kg7 9.Rh3 Kf6 10.Kg3+-) 4...h2 (4...Rb3 5.Rh6 Kf7 6.Kf4 Rb4+ (6...Kg7 7.g5+-) 7.Kg3 Rb3+ 8.Kh2+-) 5.Rh6 Ra2 6.Rh7+ Kf8 7.Kg6+-.

b) 3.Rf4 h3 4.Re4+ Kf7 5.Kf4 Kg6 (5...Ra8 6.Re2+-) 6.Kg3 Kg5 7.Re2+-.

3...h3 4.Kf4 h2 5.Rh5 Ra2 6.Kg3+-.
« Last Edit: 05/24/12 at 09:19:12 by Poghosyan »  
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