Probably anyone on any level has misconceptions that should be unlearned to progress further.
I've thought of one obvious way to do this that should also be pretty time-efficient: Play through lots of high-level games quickly while trying briefly to guess the next move or list the obvious candidate moves before looking. Whenever a move looks completely surprising/unnatural to you, you mark that position and store the game in a database (and maybe check the position with a strong engine to make sure the surprising move isn't simply bad).
After a while you will have a personalized database of good moves that don't fit your current chess concepts! Then you can look for patterns, maybe organizing the moves by type just like you say (ridiculous lengths to preserve a bishop, exchanging a good bishop to double pawns, etc.). Simply repeating these "new" concepts occasionally should help to be more aware of them during games. Or you can go further and look for good training material on those concepts in advanced books.
In recent GM practice I've seen some concepts I could usefully unlearn: Lots of games where people play with king positions that look very shaky to me, either staying in the centre or advancing pawns in front of the castled king. Probably as long as they keep the initiative and are sure of their calculation skills, modern GMs get away with this more often than in earlier times. (Study material for this concept: Agaard; Practical Chess Defence.) I also often see GMs successfully defend positions with a bad bishop against a knight or a good bishop, even with no other minor pieces on the board, that look absolutely dreadful to me. So I should get better at recognizing when a bad bishop isn't the end of the world, and maybe in general which positions to evaluate as "worse but defensible".
Btw, I don't agree that unlearning should be easier than learning! We chess players, like everyone else, grow very attached to and comfortable with the things we "know", and it can take a long time to change well set intuitions.
Quote:It ain't what you don't know that gets you into trouble. It's what you know for sure that just ain't so. - Mark Twain