AE wrote on 08/26/10 at 09:18:49:
sloughter has directed attention away from his non-responses to specific challenges by instead raising other issues, including the 1919 Eddington expedition. While eagerly awaiting his forthcoming reply to Karl Adler's informed rebuttals of Bjerknes's contentions on the Einstein/Poincaré priority dispute
http://semiticcontroversies.blogspot.com/2008/08/einstein-poincar-conundrum.htmlI thought some people might be interested in the following article on the Eddington expedition, published in
Isis in 2003:
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/376099?journalCode=isisUnfortunately it is not available online, but below are the author's conclusions, following a close examination of the experimental results:
The scientific merit of the eclipse expedition continues to be controversial today. A typical accusation is that Eddington intentionally discarded or misinterpreted data so as to confirm Einstein’s prediction.[77] The basis of this is the claim that there was no justification for viewing some of the data as more reliable than the rest. But as I have argued, the evidence shows that the quality and the utility of the photographs were very carefully considered by Eddington and Dyson; further, the determination of the unreliability of the Sobral astrographic results was made in the field by the observers in Brazil, and Eddington was not among them. Were these decisions difficult? Yes. Could they have been made only by trained and experienced observers? Yes. But the importance of this tacit knowledge does not mean that the results were untrustworthy: indeed, since the community the actors needed to persuade—most directly, astronomers—was also well versed in this knowledge, one cannot complain that it was used to obscure the basis of their choices.
This is not to say that the results were precise and unarguable. The error was fairly large—and indeed would not be greatly improved on until much later, with the development of techniques such as the Shapiro time delay. The bottom line, however, is that contemporary astronomers were persuaded that there was a deflection and that it was most likely associated with Einstein’s law of gravity. There was, of course, disagreement about the results throughout the 1920s and 1930s, but I know of no serious accusations of impropriety on Eddington’s part [at that time]...
Uruk wrote on 09/01/10 at 15:27:01:
sloughter wrote on 09/01/10 at 12:01:23:
Time Magazine elevated Einstein to Person of the Century status just because he could sell Time Magazine more copies of their magazine.
Welcome to the free market.
Uruk wrote on 09/01/10 at 15:27:01:
sloughter wrote on 09/01/10 at 12:01:23:
Time Magazine elevated Einstein to Person of the Century status just because he could sell Time Magazine more copies of their magazine.
Welcome to the free market.
The free market was never organized to deal with directional greed i.e. when everyone has the same goal and the individual's greed doesn't cancel out. In the case of the economy, it was the belief that everyone could get rich as long as the band played on---and guess what? The band stopped playing and there weren't enough chairs to go around. The economy collapsed because of directional greed, something Keynes never conceptualized.
In physics we have directional greed where grandiose is good and those who can concepualize ever more grandiose theories must be geniuses aka "The Big Bang Theory", the "Grand Unified Theory", or "String theory" or some "six new dimensions" that have collapsed that we can't see, or an "infinite number or universes" where this is the only one that can support life.
Want grandiosity? Here's some grandiosity that as a geologist is easy to spew forth just like those mathematical geniuses in theoretical physics.
In this universe there may be life where there is no water. Suppose by the process of plate tectonics a supercontinent is formed like Gondwanaland where the oceans compress the continent on all sides so that the interior of the continent is 1000 km thick. Along comes an asteroid that disintegrates shortly before it hits earth 250 my ago. It forms a plane where we have five impacts, the largest a mass 100km in diameter. It comes in at a low angle and slices off the continental crust as a large conchoidal flake of rock that coalesces into a planetoid 100km in diameter.
We now have a large, highly silicic metalliferous planetoid. It rotates once a year as it revolves around the sun. In sunlight, it heats up to 400 degrees C. In the night, it drops to -200 degrees C.
As quartz recrystallizes, it drives metals towards the exterior of the crystals where they form wires along triple junctions of the crystals. Due to the photoelectric effect and the transferal of heat, these wires transmit heat into the interior of the planetoid. In sunlight the photoelectric effect is dominant, but as the wires form, they begin to transmit heat and electrons into the region of the planetoid where there is night. In other words we begin to get the basis of binary code i.e. either on when the sun is shining or off during the night.
Initially this would consist of sharp boundaries, but as the wires begin to spread, they begin to encircle the entire plantoid so that heat and electricity are transmitted throughout the entire planetoid. In effect, we have a primitive computer that can increase in sophistication by simply increasing the number of wires. Even if the circuits were 10.000 times as large as existing chips, this computer would crank out "logic" i.e. on/off with increasing regularity. Without programming how would the planetoid reorganize itself?
Until 30 years ago, the only kind of life was based on photosynthesis. Within the last 30 years, we have discovered chemosynthesis where life originated along undersea hot springs and life revolves around capturing the energy of the hot spring molecules, not the sun.
Here is a new source of life---the photoelectric effect.
For those who find this unconvincing consider that a working fission reactor set itself up in Oklo in Africa 1.7 billion years ago and ran for several million years. If a working nuclear reactor can appear by chance, could a computer originate by chance?
Maybe it already has. Independence Day occurred when life began to run on binary code i.e. synapses were either on or off. Now we have brought this life form into existence that can run on the photoelectric effect. This is an entirely new basis of life.
Einstein corrupted physicists by leading them to believe that truth lies in mathematics. When the process-dominated physicsts look at my article on the Eclipse of 1919, they will reject the theoreticians who, only belatedly are being squashed.
If general relativity hadn't become a strong model in 1919, it would have had to compete with other theories. Strong models corrupt the data. Only in the past year and a half are we told that space-time doesn't exist and that dark energy is a mathematical error. These revisions of the math of general relativity should have happened over 70 years ago. The only reason they didn't happen was because general relativity was turned into a strong model by Eddington.
The purpose of this post is to show just how easy it is to come up with new ideas unlike any that have been seen before. So when Einstein adds two and two and comes up with four, gets a Nobel prize for a trivial accomplishment, it underscores that even the Nobel prize committee can be corrupted.
The systemic corruption in physics will be unmasked in the next 10-25 years---the time it takes for other branches of the science to discover how their research dollars have been commandeered by disreputable scientists in various disciplines in physics.
It doesn't take a PhD in physics to realize that if you are ignoring ten first order effects in an attempt to define a second order effect you are doing junk science. The amount of deflection that Eddington tried to determine with a primitive telescope is comparable to the width of a human thumb as seen from 5 kilometers.
The longer physicists cling to the Eclipse hoax of 1919, the more they will look like con artists.
Pull at the thread of special and general relativity and the whole edifice of modern physics will collapse, most likely in the next 10-25 years.
Whether chaos theory and quantum mechanics survive the revolution remains to be seen, but I predict that special and general relativity will wind up on the scrap heap of science.