Hallo Stefan, hello everybody else!
It would definitely be interesting to do a research in opening nomenclature! I also thought about something like that, but decided that it's probably easier to start with terms for things you can literally "touch" (ok, you cannot really "touch" an exchange). Why do you want to restrict your thread to Indian openings? I reckon you would find some unexpected, interesting or simply strange names for many "traditional" openings in one or another language!
In larger dictionaries one will find at least the most basic chess terms, like those for the pieces, and in dictionaries specialized on chess also other expressions like "exchange", "long castling", "heavy pieces" and so on. There are several reasons for me to try gathering this sort of information in this forum:
(i) Here are the very "specialists" for these words, who use them day in day out and who are not in need of an explanation what a "file" on a chessboard or what an "exchange" is;
(ii) as you, Stefan, have already stated, it's nicer to get "first hand information";
(iii) there's probably dialectical variation for chess terms within a speech community not only on the phonetic level (the pronounciation), but also on the lexeme level (which expressions are used) - hardly to be found in dictionaries;
(iv) I hope that some expressions from some very little languages or dialects (or "varieties", to avoid the discussion of what the difference between a language and a dialect is), who might not even have any dictionary at all, will pop up; and
(iv) one might get information like that about the use of "pion" in Dutch (thank you, Willempie!) which also might be difficult to find anywhere else!
And if one wants to go on, one can start doing research on the use of chess terminology in everyday colloquial speech, which would provide material for more than one PhD ... (Maybe somebody has already done something like that yet!?)
Stefan, concerning your question about equivalents to "am toten Pferd ziehen", I also have no idea, as I'm doing research in a neo-aramaic variety and not in German, but I'm confident that I'll be able to find out.
(By the way: Are there any speakers of Ṭuroyo or Ātōrāya or Chaldean or Neo–Mandaic or any of those numerous other neo–aramaic varieties around? Your contributions would be highly welcome!)
Best regards, viele Grüße, Aloho howe aʕmayxu w ḥɔtǝr didɔḥǝn!
Zwischenzugzwang