1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 e5 4.Nc3 Nbd7 5.Bc4 Be7 6.dxe5 is what Bauer (2006)
The Philidor Files covers on page 220. The followup is
6...dxe5 7.Bxf7+ Kxf7 8.Ng5+ Kg6! and the theory of this variation hasn't changed in ages -- black gets the better game. At least d4xe5 has some point here, even if it's a bad one.
A lot of white players play a premature d4xe5 with no particular followup in mind. For example, same first five moves as above, then
6.O-O O-O 7.dxe5 (Here Bauer gives only 7.Re1, 7.Qe2, 7.a4, 7.Bg5?!, and 7.h3?!)
7...dxe5. I have even had 2200-players do it against me. One of them doubled on the d-file and in the post-mortem claimed a clear advantage when I thought he was close to positionally lost. (We were both wrong. The game ended in a crazy draw.) The thing is, you won't find much published theory on d4xe5 because it makes black's game so easy, it's not worth analyzing.
Kosten (1992)
Winning with the Philidor, pages 126-127, gives
7.dxe5?! dxe5 and says "The resultant central configuration slightly favours Black.... Obviously, there is no good reason to take on e5 at this juncture; Black gains use of b4 and c5, while white gains nothing."
He follows Evenson - Alekhine, Kiev 1916
https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessgame?gid=1011981and in a note he gives Valli - Laplaza, 1970, which I couldn't find online.
The online ChessBase database has hundreds of games reaching the position after 7.dxe5 dxe5. White scores about 39%, which supports Kosten's assessment.